Germ Cells: Spermatozoon, Gamete, Spore, Ovum, Folliculogenesis, Germ Cell, Ovarian Cyst, Oocyte, Sperm, Zona Pellucida, Germ Line Development
Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: Spermatozoon, Gamete, Spore, Ovum, Folliculogenesis, Germ Cell, Ovarian Cyst, Oocyte, Sperm, Zona Pellucida, Germ Line Development, Isogamy, Gametogenesis, Anisogamy, Capacitation, Polar Body, Cortical Reaction, Oogonium, Acrosome, Germ Plasm, Oogamy, Hyperactivation, Spermatid, Spermatogonium, Spermatocyte, Gametangium, Perivitelline Space, Ascospore, Chlamydospore, Drosophila Bifurca, Teliospore, Urediniospore, Germline Mutation, Gametocyte, Gonocyte, Nebenkern, Gametogonium, Gametid. Excerpt: The acrosome is an organelle that develops over the anterior half of the head in the spermatozoa (sperm cell) of many animals. It is a cap-like structure derived from the Golgi apparatus . Acrosome formation is completed during testicular maturation. In Eutherian mammals the acrosome contains digestive enzymes (including hyaluronidase and acrosin ). These enzymes break down the outer membrane of the ovum called the zona pellucida , allowing the haploid nuclei in the sperm to join with the haploid nucleus found in the ova. This shedding of the acrosome or acrosome reaction can be stimulated in vitro by substances a sperm cell may encounter naturally such as progesterone or follicular fluid , as well as the more commonly used calcium ionophore A23187. This can be done to serve as a positive control when assessing the acrosome reaction of a sperm sample by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy . This is usually done after staining with a fluoresceinated lectin such as FITC-PNA, FITC-PSA, FITC-ConA, or fluoresceinated antibody such as FITC-CD46. Human spermatozo?n In the case of globozoospermia (sperm with round heads), the Golgi apparatus is not transformed into the acrosome , causing male infertility . References (URLs online) A hyperlinked version of this chapter is at Different form...
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